dental surgery:2% lidocaine (plain or with epinephrine)
Forms and strengths, route of administration
1% solution in 20 and 50 ml vials (10 mg/ml), for SC infiltration
2% solution in 20 and 50 ml vials (20 mg/ml), for SC infiltration
Dosage
The volume to be injected depends on the surface area to be anesthetised.
Do not exceed:
Child: 5 mg/kg/injection
Adult: 200 mg = 20 ml of lidocaine 1% or 10 ml of lidocaine 2%
Duration
One injection, repeated if necessary.
Contra-indications, adverse effects, precautions
Do not administer if known allergy to lidocaine, impaired cardiac conduction.
When anaesthetising the extremities, inject distally (at the base), in circle, without tourniquet and without epinephrine (adrenaline).
Do not use lidocainefor the incision of abscesses: risk of spreading the infection.
Lidocaine with epinephrine (adrenaline):
in dental surgery, epinephrine added to lidocaine prolongs anaesthesia; never use solutions with epinephrine for the anaesthesia of extremities (fingers,penile nerve block): risk of ischemia and necrosis.
Pregnancy: no contra-indication
Breast-feeding: no contra-indication
Remarks
Anaesthesia is produced within 2 to 5 minutes and lasts 1 to 1.5 hours.
Do not confuse with lidocaine 5% hyperbaric which is reserved for spinal anaesthesia. The more concentrated the lidocaine, the more localised the anaesthetic effect.
To simplify protocols, use lidocaine 2% with epinephrine for dental anaesthesia and lidocaine 1% without epinephrine for cutaneous anaesthesia.