Sulfadiazine

Generic Name: Sulfadiazine

Brand Names:

Availability: Available with Prescription

Drug Class: Sulfonamide antibiotics

Therapeutic action

  • Sulfonamide antibacterial

Indications

  • Treatment and secondaryprophylaxis of toxoplasmosis in immunodeficient patients, in combination with pyrimethamine

Forms and strengths

  • 500 mg tablet

Dosage and duration

Treatment of toxoplasmosis

  • Adult: 2 g 2 to 3 times daily for 6 weeks minimum

Secondary prophylaxis of toxoplasmosis

  • Adult: 1 to 1.5 g 2 times daily, as long as necessary

Contra-indications, adverse effects, precautions

  • Do not administer to sulfonamide-allergic patients; patients with severe renal or hepatic impairment.
  • May cause:
  • gastrointestinal disturbances, renal disorders (crystalluria, etc.), photosensitivity, megaloblastic anaemia due to folic acid deficiency; haemolyticanaemia in patients with G6PD deficiency; allergic reactions (fever, rash, etc.) sometimes severe (Lyell's and Stevens-Johnson syndromes,haematological disorders, etc.).In these cases, stop treatment immediately.
  • Adverse effects occur more frequently in patients with HIV infection. Monitor blood count if possible.
  • Reduce the dose by half in patients with renal impairment. Do not combine with methotrexate and phenytoin.
  • Administer calcium folinate systematically to prevent folic acid deficiency.Drink a lot of liquid during treatment.
  • Pregnancy: no contra-indication. However, avoid using during the last month of pregnancy (risk of jaundice and haemolytic anaemia in the newborn infant).
  • Breast-feeding: avoid if preterm infant, jaundice, low-birth weight, infant under one month of age. Ifsulfadiazine is used, observe the infant for signs of jaundice.

Storage

– Below 25 °C